Hypothermia

The following information may be attributed to the Ohio Department of Health.

The elderly, especially those living alone, are particularly vulnerable in the winter to hypothermia, a condition in which the internal body temperature drops abnormally low. Hypothermia occurs when the internal body temperature falls to 95 degrees Fahrenheit or below. This can result in cardiac problems, respiratory difficulties, and even death.

Anyone can become a victim of hypothermia, but people who react abnormally to the cold, already suffer from an illness, or take medications which interfere with the body's ability to regulate temperature, are more susceptible.

Hypothermia can be prevented by wearing warm clothing and keeping living and sleeping areas heated to at least 65 degrees. Individuals should also maintain a proper diet, and exercise regularly. Because hypothermia may begin during sleep or other periods of limited activity, it is important to dress warmly and use enough blankets.

Early detection of hypothermia improves the chances for a safe and speedy recovery. Here are some symptoms to watch for:

• Changes in appearance or behavior;
   
• Uncontrolled shivering;
   
• Stiff muscles;
   
• A slow, possibly irregular, heartbeat;
   
• Slurred speech;
   
• Shallow, slow breathing;
   
• Confusion;
   
• Disorientation;
   
• Drowsiness;
   
• Lack of coordination and sluggishness.

The most accurate way to detect hypothermia is to check the body temperature with a low-reading thermometer.

When hypothermia is suspected, immediately begin first aid and seek emergency medical assistance. Keep the victim warm with blankets. If the victim is alert, give small quantities of warm food or drink. Never give liquids or food to someone who is unconscious because they may choke. Never give them alcoholic beverages.

Last Updated: 12/22/2000